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<section begin=definitions-of-synthetic-human-like-fakes /> | <section begin=definitions-of-synthetic-human-like-fakes /> | ||
When the '''[[Glossary#No camera|camera does not exist]]''', but the subject being imaged with a simulation of a (movie) camera deceives the watcher to believe it is some living or dead person it is a '''digital look-alike'''. | When the '''[[Glossary#No camera|camera does not exist]]''', but the subject being imaged with a simulation of a (movie) camera deceives the watcher to believe it is some living or dead person it is a '''[[#Digital look-alikes|digital look-alike]]'''. | ||
When it cannot be determined by human testing or media forensics whether some fake voice is a synthetic fake of some person's voice, or is it an actual recording made of that person's actual real voice, it is a pre-recorded '''digital sound-alike'''. | When it cannot be determined by human testing or media forensics whether some fake voice is a synthetic fake of some person's voice, or is it an actual recording made of that person's actual real voice, it is a pre-recorded '''[[#Digital sound-alikes|digital sound-alike]]'''. | ||
<section end=definitions-of-synthetic-human-like-fakes /> | <section end=definitions-of-synthetic-human-like-fakes /> | ||
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These industrially produced pornographic delusions are causing great humane suffering, especially in their direct victims, but they are also tearing our communities and societies apart, sowing blind rage, perceptions of deepening chaos, feelings of powerlessness and provoke violence. This '''hate illustration''' increases and strengthens hate thinking, hate speech, hate crimes and tears our fragile social constructions apart and with time perverts humankind's view of humankind into an almost unrecognizable shape, unless we interfere with resolve. | These industrially produced pornographic delusions are causing great humane suffering, especially in their direct victims, but they are also tearing our communities and societies apart, sowing blind rage, perceptions of deepening chaos, feelings of powerlessness and provoke violence. This '''hate illustration''' increases and strengthens hate thinking, hate speech, hate crimes and tears our fragile social constructions apart and with time perverts humankind's view of humankind into an almost unrecognizable shape, unless we interfere with resolve. | ||
=== List of possible naked digital look-alike attacks === | === List of possible naked digital look-alike attacks === | ||
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=== Temporal limit of digital look-alikes === | === Temporal limit of digital look-alikes === | ||
[[File:Institut Lumière - CINEMATOGRAPHE Camera.jpg|thumb|left|120px|A picture of the 1895 [[w:Cinematograph]]]] | [[File:Institut Lumière - CINEMATOGRAPHE Camera.jpg|thumb|left|120px|A picture of the 1895 [[w:Cinematograph]]]] | ||
[[w:History of film technology]] has information about where the border is. | |||
Digital look-alikes cannot be used to attack people who existed before the technological invention of film. For moving pictures the breakthrough is attributed to [[w:Auguste and Louis Lumière]]'s [[w:Cinematograph]] premiered in Paris on 28 December '''1895''', though this was only the commercial and popular breakthrough, as even earlier moving pictures exist. (adapted from [[w:History of film]]) | Digital look-alikes cannot be used to attack people who existed before the technological invention of film. For moving pictures the breakthrough is attributed to [[w:Auguste and Louis Lumière]]'s [[w:Cinematograph]] premiered in Paris on 28 December '''1895''', though this was only the commercial and popular breakthrough, as even earlier moving pictures exist. (adapted from [[w:History of film]]) | ||
[[w: | The '''[[w:Kinetoscope]]''' is an even earlier motion picture exhibition device. A prototype for the Kinetoscope was shown to a convention of the National Federation of Women's Clubs on May 20, 1891.<ref name="memory.loc.gov"> | ||
{{cite web | |||
|publisher=[[w:Library of Congress]] | |||
|website=Memory.loc.gov | |||
|url=http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/edhtml/edmvhist.html | |||
|title=Inventing Entertainment: The Early Motion Pictures and Sound Recordings of the Edison Companies | |||
|access-date=2020-12-09 | |||
}} | |||
</ref> The first public demonstration of the Kinetoscope was held at the [[w:Brooklyn Museum|Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences]] on '''May 9''', '''1893'''. ([[w:Kinetoscope|Wikipedia]])<ref name="memory.loc.gov"/> | |||
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Living people can defend<ref group="footnote" name="judiciary maybe not aware">Whether a suspect can defend against faked synthetic speech that sounds like him/her depends on how up-to-date the judiciary is. If no information and instructions about digital sound-alikes have been given to the judiciary, they likely will not believe the defense of denying that the recording is of the suspect's voice.</ref> themselves against digital sound-alike by denying the things the digital sound-alike says if they are presented to the target, but dead people cannot. Digital sound-alikes offer criminals new disinformation attack vectors and wreak havoc on provability. | Living people can defend<ref group="footnote" name="judiciary maybe not aware">Whether a suspect can defend against faked synthetic speech that sounds like him/her depends on how up-to-date the judiciary is. If no information and instructions about digital sound-alikes have been given to the judiciary, they likely will not believe the defense of denying that the recording is of the suspect's voice.</ref> themselves against digital sound-alike by denying the things the digital sound-alike says if they are presented to the target, but dead people cannot. Digital sound-alikes offer criminals new disinformation attack vectors and wreak havoc on provability. | ||
For these reasons the bannable '''raw materials''' i.e. covert voice models '''[[Law proposals to ban covert modeling|should be prohibited by law]]''' in order to protect humans from abuse by criminal parties. | |||
=== Documented digital sound-alike attacks === | === Documented digital sound-alike attacks === | ||
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=== Digital sing-alikes === | === Digital sing-alikes === | ||
The to the right [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0sR1rU3gLzQ video 'This AI Clones Your Voice After Listening for 5 Seconds' by '2 minute papers' at YouTube] describes the voice thieving machine presented by Google Research in [[w:NeurIPS|w:NeurIPS]] 2018. | |||
{{#ev:youtube|0sR1rU3gLzQ|640px|right|Video [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0sR1rU3gLzQ video 'This AI Clones Your Voice After Listening for 5 Seconds' by '2 minute papers' at YouTube] describes the voice thieving machine by Google Research in [[w:NeurIPS|w:NeurIPS]] 2018.}} | |||
As of 2020 the digital sing-alikes may not yet be here, but when we hear a faked singing voice and we cannot hear that it is fake, then we will know. An ability to sing does not seem to add much hostile capabilities compared to the ability to thieve spoken word. | As of 2020 the digital sing-alikes may not yet be here, but when we hear a faked singing voice and we cannot hear that it is fake, then we will know. An ability to sing does not seem to add much hostile capabilities compared to the ability to thieve spoken word. | ||
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=== Temporal limit of digital sound-alikes === | === Temporal limit of digital sound-alikes === | ||
[[File:Edison_and_phonograph_edit1.jpg|thumb|left|210px|[[w:Thomas Edison]] and his early [[w:phonograph]]. Cropped from [[w:Library of Congress]] copy, ca. 1877, (probably 18 April 1878)]] | [[File:Edison_and_phonograph_edit1.jpg|thumb|left|210px|[[w:Thomas Edison]] and his early [[w:phonograph]]. Cropped from [[w:Library of Congress]] copy, ca. 1877, (probably 18 April 1878)]] | ||
The | The temporal limit of whom, dead or living, the digital sound-alikes can attack is defined by the '''[[w:history of sound recording]]'''. | ||
{{ | The article starts by mentioning that the invention of the [[w:phonograph]] by [[w:Thomas Edison]] in '''1877''' is considered the start of sound recording. | ||
The '''phonautograph''' is the earliest known device for recording [[w:sound]]. Previously, tracings had been obtained of the sound-producing vibratory motions of [[w:tuning forks]] and other objects by physical contact with them, but not of actual sound waves as they propagated through air or other media. Invented by Frenchman [[W:Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville]], it was patented on March 25, '''1857'''.<ref name="NPR-Phonautograph"> | |||
{{Cite news | |||
|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=89380697 | |||
|title=1860 'Phonautograph' Is Earliest Known Recording | |||
|last=Flatow | |||
|first=Ira|date=April 4, 2008|work=NPR | |||
|access-date=2012-12-09 | |||
|language=en}} | |||
</ref> | |||
Apparently, it did not occur to anyone before the 1870s that the recordings, called '''phonautograms''', contained enough information about the sound that they could, in theory, be '''used to recreate it'''. Because the phonautogram tracing was an insubstantial two-dimensional line, direct physical playback was impossible in any case. Several phonautograms recorded '''before 1861''' were successfully played as sound in '''2008''' by optically scanning them and using a computer to process the scans into digital audio files. ([[w:Phonautograph|Wikipedia]]) | |||
[[File:Spectrogram-19thC.png|thumb|right|640px|A [[w:spectrogram]] of a male voice saying 'nineteenth century']] | [[File:Spectrogram-19thC.png|thumb|right|640px|A [[w:spectrogram]] of a male voice saying 'nineteenth century']] | ||
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=== SSF! wiki proposed countermeasure to synthetic porn: Adequate Porn Watcher AI (transcluded) === | === SSF! wiki proposed countermeasure to synthetic porn: Adequate Porn Watcher AI (transcluded) === | ||
Transcluded main contents from [[Adequate Porn Watcher AI]] | Transcluded main contents from [[Adequate Porn Watcher AI (concept)]] | ||
{{#lstx:Adequate Porn Watcher AI|See_also}} | {{#lstx:Adequate Porn Watcher AI (concept)|See_also}} | ||
=== Possible legal response: Outlawing digital sound-alikes (transcluded) === | === Possible legal response: Outlawing digital sound-alikes (transcluded) === | ||
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== Footnotes == | == Footnotes == | ||